Likewise, the term "type 2 diabetes" has replaced several former terms, including childhood-onset diabetes, juvenile diabetes, and insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM).
However, low levels of blood glucose, called hypoglycemia, may lead to seizures or episodes of unconsciousness and absolutely must be treated immediately, via emergency high-glucose gell placed in the patient's mouth or an injection of glucagon.
Environmental exposures may contribute to recent increases in the rate of type 2 diabetes.
Other factors include aging (about 20% of elderly patients in North America and Europe (though this varies by geographical location), and is a higher percentage in some other areas.
5 mmol/l) for those having trouble with lower values, such as frequent hypoglycemic events.
Diabetes develops due to a diminished production of insulin (in type 1) or resistance to its effects (in type 2 and gestational).
//ClassificationThe term diabetes, without qualification, usually refers to diabetes mellitus, which is associated with excessive sweet urine (known as "glycosuria") but there are several rarer conditions also named diabetes.
Diabetes mellitus refers to the group of diseases that lead to high blood glucose levels due to defects in either insulin secretion or insulin action.
In the last decade, type 2 diabetes has increasingly begun to affect children and adolescents, likely in connection with the increased prevalence of childhood obesity seen in recent decades in some places.
This type of diabetes can be further classified as immune-mediated or idiopathic.
Type 1 treatment must be continued indefinitely in essentially all cases.
Without insulin, diabetic ketoacidosis often develops which may result in coma or death.
Most affected people are otherwise healthy and of a healthy weight when onset occurs.
The defective responsiveness of body tissues to insulin almost certainly involves the insulin receptor in cell membranes.
Apart from the common subcutaneous injections, it is also possible to deliver insulin by a pump, which allows continuous...

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